.bp .MH "Editor Command Summary" .ti [in] .# .# CD --- command description .# .de CD .sp .ne 4 .ti -24 [1]@[tc][2]@[tc][3] .br .en CD .# .ta 8 25 .ul Range[tc]Syntax[tc]Function .in +24 .CD . a[:text] Append Inserts text after the specified line. Text is inserted until a line containing only a period and a newline is encountered. In 'se', if the command is followed immediately by a colon, then whatever text follows the colon is inserted without entering "append" mode. The current line pointer is left at the last line inserted. .CD .,. c[:text] Change Deletes the lines specified and inserts text to replace them. Text is inserted until a line containing only a period and a newline is encountered. In 'se', if the command is followed immediately by a colon, then whatever text follows the colon is inserted without entering "append" mode. The current line pointer is left at the last line inserted. .CD .,. d[p] Delete Deletes all lines between the specified lines, inclusive. [cc]mc | The current line pointer is left at the line after the last one deleted. [cc]mc If the "p" is included, the new current line is printed. .CD none "e[!] [filename]" Enter Loads the specified file into the buffer and prepares for editing. Automatically invoked if a filename is specified as an argument on the command line used to invoke the editor. The current line pointer is positioned at the first line in the buffer. An error message is generated if the editing buffer contains text that has not been saved. The enter command may be resubmitted after the error message, in which case it will be obeyed. The "enter now" command "e!" may be used to avoid the error message. .CD none "f [filename]" File Print or change the remembered file name. If a name is given, the remembered file name is set to that value; otherwise, the remembered file name is printed. .CD .,$ g/pat/command "Global on pattern" Performs the given command on all lines in the specified range that match a certain pattern. .CD none h[stuff] Help In 'se', provides access to online documentation on the screen editor. "Stuff" may be used to select which information is displayed. .CD . i[:text] Insert Inserts text before the specified line. Text is inserted until a line containing only a period and a newline is encountered. In 'se', if the command is immediately followed by a colon, then whatever text follows is inserted without entering "append" mode. The current line pointer is left at the last line inserted. [cc]mc | .CD ^,. j[/stuff[/]][p] Join [cc]mc The specified lines are joined into [cc]mc | a single line. You may specify in "stuff" what is to replace the newlines that previously separated the lines. The default is a single blank. If you use the default, 'ed' automatically prints out the result. [cc]mc If the "p" option is used, the resulting line (which becomes the new current line) is printed. [cc]mc | Thus "j" and "jp" are equivalent to "j/[bl]/p". In general, 'ed' and 'se' will supply trailing delimiters for you. So "j/" is the same as "j//", i.e. replace the newline(s) with nothing (delete them). [cc]mc .CD .,. km marK The specified lines are marked with 'm' which may be any single character other than a newline. If 'm' is not present, the lines are marked with the default name of blank. The current line pointer is never changed. [cc]mc | .CD none l Locate "l" will print the first line of the file =installation=. This is so that one can tell what machine he is using from within the editor. This is particularly useful for installations with many machines that can run the editor, where the user can switch back and forth between them, and become confused as to where he is at a given moment. [cc]mc .CD .,. m[p] Move Moves the specified block of lines after . may not be omitted. The current line pointer is left at the last line moved. If the "p" is specified, the new current line is also printed. .CD .,. n[m] Name If 'm' is present, the last line in the specified range is marked with it and all other lines having that mark name are given the default mark name of blank. In 'ed', if 'm' is not present, the mark name of each line in the range is printed; in 'se' the names of all lines in the range are cleared. .CD none o[stuff] Option Editing options may be queried or set. "Stuff" determines which options are affected. [cc]mc | In 'ed', options "d", "g", "k", and "p" are available. Options "d", "g", and "k" are the same as in 'se'. In 'ed', option "p" sets the prompt to be used [cc]mc (useful for the user who is disturbed by 'ed's quiet behavior). [cc]mc | The prompt can be set by the command "op/string[/]", which sets the prompt to "string". The trailing delimiter is optional. If no string is given, the prompt is set to "*[bl]". An empty string ("op//") restores 'ed's no prompting behavior. Successive "op" commands will toggle prompting mode. In 'se', the "op" command controls what metacharacters are used for pattern matching. [cc]mc .CD .,. p Print Prints all the lines in the given range. In 'se', as much as possible of the range is displayed, always including the last line; if no range is given, the previous page is displayed. The current line pointer is left at the last line printed. .CD none q[!] Quit Exit from the editor. An error message is generated if the editing buffer contains text that has not been saved. The quit command may be resubmitted after the error message, in which case it will be obeyed. The "quit now" command "q!" may be used to avoid the error message. .CD . "r [filename]" Read Insert the contents of the given file after the specified line. The current line pointer is left at the last line read. [cc]mc | .CD .,. s[/pat/sub[/][g][p]] Substitute [cc]mc Substitutes "sub" for each occurrence of the pattern "pat". If the optional "g" is specified, all occurrences in each line are changed; otherwise, only the first occurrence is changed. The current line pointer is left at the last line in the range in which a substitution was made. This line is also printed if the "p" is used. [cc]mc | In 'ed', if you leave off the trailing slash, the result of the substitute will be printed automatically. Thus "s/junk/stuff" is entirely equivalent to "s/junk/stuff/p". If you type an "s" by itself, without a pattern and replacement string, 'ed' will behave as though you had typed "s//&/p", i.e. substitute the previous replacement pattern for the previous search pattern, and print. .CD .,. t[/from/to[/][p]] Transliterate [cc]mc The range of characters specified by 'from' is transliterated into the range of characters specified by 'to'. The last line on which something was transliterated is printed if the "p" option is used. The last line in the range becomes the new current line. [cc]mc | Again, if you leave off the trailing delimiter, 'ed' will print the result of the transliteration. In addition, like the "s" command, both the 'from' and 'to' parts are saved; "t//&/" will perform the same transliteration as the last one, and "t" is the same as "t//&/". The "&" is special if it is the only character in the 'to' part, otherwise it is treated as a literal "&". In Unix mode (for 'se' only), use "%" instead of "&". See [ul Software Tools] and the help on 'tlit' for some examples of character transliterations. [cc]mc .CD . u[d][p] Undo The specified range of lines is replaced by the last range of lines deleted. If the "d" is used, the restored text is inserted after the last line in the specified range. The current line pointer is set at the last line that was restored; this line is also printed if the "p" is specified. .CD .,. v oVerlay In 'ed', each line in the given range is printed without its terminating newline and a line of input is read and added to the end of the line. If the first and only character on the input line is a period, no further lines are printed. In 'se', "overlay mode" is entered and the control characters may be used to modify text anywhere in the buffer. A control-v may be used to quit overlay mode. A control-f may be used to restore the current line to its original state and terminate the command. .CD 1,$ "w['+'|'!'] [filename]" Write Writes the portion of the buffer specified to the named file. The current line pointer is not changed. If "+" is given, the portion of the buffer is appended to the file; otherwise the portion of the buffer replaces the file. In 'se' only, if "!" is present, an existing file specified in the command is overwritten without comment. If "filename" is not present, the specified lines will be written to the current file name specified on the status line. .CD 1,$ x/pat/command "eXclude on pattern" Performs the command on all lines in the given range that do not match the specified pattern. .CD .,. y[p] copY Makes a copy of all the lines in the given range, and inserts the copies after . As with the "m" command, may not be omitted. The current line pointer is set to the new copy of the last line in the range; this line is printed if the "p" is present. .CD .,. zb[,][] [bl 5]draw[bl]Box In 'se' only, a box is drawn using the given (blank by default, allowing erasure of a previously-drawn box). Line numbers are used to specify top and bottom row positions of the box. and specify left and right column positions of the box. If second line number is omitted, the box degenerates to a horizontal line. If right-hand column is omitted, the box degenerates to a vertical line. .CD . =[p] Equals The number of the specified line is printed. The line itself is also printed if the "p" option is used. The current line pointer is not changed. .CD none ? Query In 'ed' only, a verbose description of the last error encountered is printed. .CD 1,$ !mcommand "Exclude on markname" Similar to the 'x' prefix except that 'command' is performed for all lines in the range that do not have the mark name 'm'. .CD 1,$ 'mcommand "Global on markname" Similar to the 'g' prefix except that 'command' is performed for all lines in the range that have the mark name 'm'. .CD . : "Print next page" In 'ed', 23 lines beginning with the current line are printed (equivalent to ".,.+23p"). In 'se', the next page of the buffer is displayed and the current line pointer is placed at the top of the window. [cc]mc | .CD none "~[]" "Escape to the shell" If present, the is passed to the shell to be executed. Otherwise, an interactive shell is created. After either the command or the shell exits, 'ed' prints "~" to indicate that the shell escape has completed. For a command, 'se' asks you to type a newline before redrawing the screen, but for an interactive shell, 'se' will redraw the screen immediately. If the first character of the is a "!", then the "!" is replaced with the text of the previous shell command. An unescaped "%" in the will be replaced with the current saved file name. If the shell command is expanded, both 'ed' and 'se' will echo it first, and then execute it. .sp Until EPFs are supported, when using 'ed', do not use the shell to execute external commands. Internal commands (like 'cd') are OK. This does not apply to 'se'. .sp For a deeper discussion of using the shell from within a program, see the help on the 'shell' subroutine. [cc]mc .in -24